Table of Contents
BEST IELTS Academic Reading Test 491
IELTS ACADEMIC READING TEST 491 – PASSAGE – 3
IELTS ACADEMIC READING TEST
READING PASSAGE – 3
The Re-emergence of Mary Seacole
A. You could be forgiven for not knowing the name of Mary Seacole, but due to direct comparisons with her well-known and highly respected counterpart, Florence Nightingale, her story and influence is now taking its place in the narrative of British history. Seacole was a Jamaican-born British nurse who, with no formal qualifications, gave healing and sustenance to wounded soldiers near the battlefields of the Crimean War. Her story was largely forgotten for a century, but recently she was voted the most influential black Briton and is now commemorated with a statue which stands outside St Thomas’ Hospital in London.
B. Mary Seacole was born Mary Jane Grant to a Scottish army officer and a Jamaican mother in 1805 in Jamaica. She was brought up with two siblings while her mother ran a boarding house for locals, and often military officers, on the island. As her mother ran a respectable business and her father was an officer, it is likely that Mary would have had a relatively high social status in Jamaican society.
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It was in the boarding house that Mary learned healing skills from her mother and where she started to understand how traditional Caribbean medicine worked. After helping her mother to run the boarding house, the fifteen-year old Mary travelled to England with relatives where she would learn more about European medical practices, which would complement her existing knowledge.
C. In 1823, Mary returned to England, bearing West Indian pickles and preserves to sell. It was unusual for a young woman to travel unaccompanied in these times, even more so with business propositions. She remained in England for around two years, then returned to the Caribbean where she would embark on travels to Cuba, the Bahamas, and Haiti. She married Edwin Seacole in 1836 in Jamaica and, soon after, the couple set up a store selling provisions. Unfortunately, the shop was unsuccessful and soon closed down. To add to this bad luck, a fire destroyed some of her mother’s boarding house in 1843 and the following year, both Mary’s mother and husband died.
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D. Determined to carry on, Mary had the boarding house rebuilt and continued to run it, increasingly looking after military patients. In 1850, Jamaica suffered a terrible cholera outbreak in which approximately 32,000 Jamaicans succumbed to the disease. Mary contracted the disease but managed to cure herself of it. Her cure involved the use of mustard, both as an ingredient in plasters and taken orally to induce vomiting. In addition to this, she used a mineral called calomel, as well as warm cloths, to help beat the disease. She continued using her cholera cures during a visit to see her half-brother in Panama in 1851, which experienced an outbreak soon after she arrived.
E. After Mary had set up a restaurant in Panama and assisted Jamaican authorities with other epidemics, she travelled to England once again in 1853 because she had heard about the Crimean War and wanted to offer her nursing services, so once she was in London, she applied to the War Office. Thousands of soldiers were suffering from cholera, and with her personal experience of having suffered from the disease, Mary believed she could be of use. The War Office refused her application, but, undaunted, Mary travelled to the Crimea region independently.
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There, with the help of a relative of her late husband’s, she set up the British Hotel, which offered food, drink, beds, and nursing care to wounded soldiers. Mary sourced the location of the hotel and asked locals to help find any discarded building materials they could reuse. The hotel was finished at a cost of only £800. Due to her kindly nature and caring attitude, she was often referred to as Mother Seacole while she tended to the wounded.
F. Mary Seacole remained in the Crimea until the end of the war in 1856. When she returned to England she was in poor health and possessed very little money. Soldiers who had received Mary’s care and attention first-hand wrote to British newspapers praising her efforts during the war, and a fund was set up to help Mary survive and continue her work. Although some money was raised, it was not enough to send Mary to India, where she wished to continue her healing.
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At some point, Mary returned to Jamaica for a while, where she became a prominent member of Jamaican society. However, she ran short of money again and the fund was restarted. As a result of the funds, she bought some land in London and returned to England. She eventually passed away there in 1881, leaving a small amount of money as a legacy.
G. Mary Seacole was nearly erased from the history books, but when her grave was rediscovered in 1973, a society was set up to ensure her memory is never forgotten. The publication of her autobiography in 1983, The Wonderful Adventures of Mrs Seacole in Many Lands, also helped bring her to the attention of a wider audience. Although criticism still resonates over the fact that she had no formal training, her endeavours in healing and providing for soldiers deserve recognition. More recently, her story has been added to the UK national curriculum and numerous buildings now bear her name, alongside a statue which was erected in 2016.
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Questions 27-32
Reading Passage 3 has seven paragraphs, A-G.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
27. an example of witness accounts of Mary’s nursing style
28. a reference to travel with family members
29. a refusal from a higher authority
30. a reference to Mary’s place in British education
31. an explanation of a nickname given to Mary
32. details of a failed business venture
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Questions 33-38
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
33. Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole
A. worked together in a hospital.
B. are often compared to each other.
C. were born in the same place.
D. have largely been ignored by history.
34. Why was Mary likely to have been respected as a child?
A. Because she knew how to heal people.
B. Because she had a Scottish father.
C. Because she understood European medicine.
D. Because of her parents’ positions.
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35. Mary set up a shop in Jamaica
A. before she got married.
B. after her mother died.
C. when the boarding house burned down.
D. with her husband.
36. Mary was able to effectively treat soldiers suffering from cholera
A. because of her work during the Jamaican outbreak.
B. thanks to her understanding of European medicine.
C. as a result of having had the disease herself.
D. due to new medicines becoming available.
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37. Before she went to England in 1853, Mary
A. applied to serve as a nurse in the war.
B. received formal nursing training.
C. helped officials treat other illnesses.
D. opened a hotel in Panama.
38. The British Hotel in the Crimea region
A. provided beds for local people.
B. was built from brand new materials.
C. was built by Mary alone.
D. offered a variety of services.
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Questions 39 and 40
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer
39. Where did Mary want to go after the Crimea?
40. What do critics believe Mary Seacole lacked?
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ANSWERS
27. F
28. B
29. E
30. G
31. E
32. C
33. B
34. D
35. D
36. С
37. С
38. D
39. INDIA
40. FORMAL TRAINING
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