IELTS Vocabulary Part – 169

Carcinogen –  substance that causes one or more type of cancer

Sentence –They contain toxic compounds such as cyclonite, a carcinogen, and rocket propellants contain perchlorates, which damage thyroid glands.

Compost – breaking down of organic waste into healthy soil

Sentence –They need a site with plenty of old compost or humus-based fertiliser worked in.

Conservation – protection and preservation of natural environment

Sentence –Cheaper energy conservation techniques have been put into operation in the developed world.

Domestic waste  – garbage from a house or apartment.

Sentence –Up to one tenth of our domestic waste is glass, all of which could be recycled without any deterioration in quality.

Dump – to put waste in a wrong place

Sentence –The fire probably started in a rubbish dump.

Eco community – a community with environment friendly buildings, and clean environment.

Sentence – The architects today plan to build eco communities in the future.

Emit – to release or project something.

Sentence –The lamps emit ultra-violet radiation which has powerful cancer-causing abilities, according to a small pilot study on its effects on mice.

Fossil fuel – fuel formed through very old plant and animal fossils.

Sentence –A further twist to the uncertainty of fossil fuel supplies was provided by the growing militancy of Britain’s miners.

Green house gas –  gas in the atmosphere that stops heat from escaping into space.

Sentence –Carbon dioxide , methane and nitrous oxide are some very common greenhouse gases.

Hazardous waste – dangerous substances that need careful disposal

Sentence –Local government Hazardous waste management is an increasing problem for industry, the public and the relevant authorities.

Reforestation – planting of trees

Sentence –More recently, reforestation has occurred naturally on abandoned farm terraces where grazing pressures have been low.

Renewable – something not depleted when used.

Sentence –Renewable energy will become progressively more important as time goes on.

Reuse –  to use again

Sentence –Field said the planning for its reuse has been conducted by a group of government, environmental and development representatives.

Smog –  fog intensified by smoke or other atmospheric pollutants.

Sentence –Smog and acid rain, water pollution and sewage disposal, dams and river-flows will become ever more contentious issues.

Toxin – a poison of plant or animal origin.

Sentence – There are some toxins that are created by human body and some toxins are excreted by plants and animals.

Zero emission  – release of no green house gas.

Sentence –Zero emission vehicles like electric cars are an innovative way to safeguard our environment.

Self sufficient  – able to function or produce without help.

Sentence –A farming ideal too, organically grown produce, means the family are self sufficient.

Poaching – illegal hunting of animals

Sentence –He has been poaching on her land for years, poaching mainly fish and rabbits.

Pollute – to contaminate a natural area

Sentence –Cigarette smokers pollute the air for other people but take no account of this in deciding how much to smoke.

Pyramid of energy – model of energy flow in a community.

Sentence –Pyramid of energy shows biomass or bio productivity at each trophic level.

Oil spill – an escape of oil into the sea

Sentence –After the oil spill, thousands of fishermen stand to lose their livelihoods.

Condensation – the conversion of vapour or a gas to liquid.

Sentence –Both damp and condensation were more prevalent among public, as opposed to private, houses.

Evaporation – process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas.

Sentence –This gave them a new experience of evaporation, as well as time to draw on their prior experiences.

Ozone layer  – region of earth’s stratosphere that absorbs most of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation.

Sentence –The debate about the depletion of the ozone layer has been so far hampered by a scarcity of data.

Wetlands – land consisting of marshes and swamps.

Sentence –Mountainous areas, coastal wetlands, tundra, and temperate forests are under particular threat.

Unleaded –petrol without added lead.

Sentence –All the cars these days use unleaded petrol that produce less harmful gases.