IELTS VOCABULARY

Agriculture

Meaning: The science or practice of farming.
Example: Modern agriculture relies heavily on advanced machinery and technology.

Cultivation

Meaning: The process of preparing and using land for crops.
Example: The cultivation of rice requires large amounts of water.

Harvest

Meaning: The process or period of gathering crops.
Example: Farmers are busy during the harvest season collecting ripe grains.

Irrigation

Meaning: The artificial supply of water to land for growing crops.
Example: Efficient irrigation systems help conserve water in dry regions.

Pesticide

Meaning: A chemical used to kill pests that harm crops.
Example: Excessive use of pesticides can contaminate soil and water.

Fertilizer

Meaning: A substance added to soil to increase its fertility.
Example: Organic fertilizers are safer for the environment than chemical ones.

Organic Farming

Meaning: A method of farming without synthetic chemicals.
Example: Organic farming promotes healthier food and sustainable practices.

Genetically Modified (GM) Crops

Meaning: Crops altered using genetic engineering to improve yield or resistance.
Example: Genetically modified crops can resist pests and reduce the need for pesticides.

Sustainable Agriculture

Meaning: Farming that meets current needs without harming future generations.
Example: Sustainable agriculture balances productivity with environmental protection.

Livestock

Meaning: Farm animals raised for food or other products.
Example: Livestock farming includes raising cows, sheep, and chickens.

Subsistence Farming

Meaning: Farming mainly for the farmer’s own consumption.
Example: Many rural families depend on subsistence farming for survival.

Crop Rotation

Meaning: The practice of growing different crops in succession to maintain soil fertility.
Example: Crop rotation prevents soil depletion and increases productivity.

Food Security

Meaning: Having reliable access to sufficient and nutritious food.
Example: Climate change poses a serious threat to global food security.

Malnutrition

Meaning: Poor nutrition caused by lack of proper food.
Example: Malnutrition is common in areas affected by poverty and famine.